{"id":2163,"date":"2023-07-20T15:44:10","date_gmt":"2023-07-20T13:44:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/mnwell.com\/?p=2163"},"modified":"2023-07-20T15:47:10","modified_gmt":"2023-07-20T13:47:10","slug":"types-of-cast-aluminum-alloys-and-problems-often-encountered-in-production","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mnwell.com\/tr\/types-of-cast-aluminum-alloys-and-problems-often-encountered-in-production\/","title":{"rendered":"D\u00f6kme al\u00fcminyum ala\u015f\u0131m t\u00fcrleri ve \u00fcretimde s\u0131kl\u0131kla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131lan sorunlar"},"content":{"rendered":"
D\u00f6kme al\u00fcminyum ala\u015f\u0131m\u0131, saf al\u00fcminyum temelinde di\u011fer metal veya metal olmayan elementlerin eklenmesiyle olu\u015fturulan bir d\u00f6k\u00fcm ala\u015f\u0131m\u0131d\u0131r. D\u00f6kme al\u00fcminyum ala\u015f\u0131m\u0131 sadece saf al\u00fcminyumun temel \u00f6zelliklerini korumakla kalmaz, ayn\u0131 zamanda ala\u015f\u0131mlama ve \u0131s\u0131l i\u015flemin etkisi nedeniyle iyi kapsaml\u0131 \u00f6zelliklere sahiptir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
D\u00f6kme al\u00fcminyum ala\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131 i\u00e7erdikleri ana elementlere g\u00f6re be\u015f kategoriye ayr\u0131labilir: d\u00f6kme al\u00fcminyum-silikon ala\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131, d\u00f6kme al\u00fcminyum-bak\u0131r ala\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131, d\u00f6kme al\u00fcminyum-magnezyum ala\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131, d\u00f6kme al\u00fcminyum-\u00e7inko ala\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131 ve d\u00f6kme al\u00fcminyum nadir toprak ala\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131. Bunlar aras\u0131nda d\u00f6kme al\u00fcminyum-silisyum ala\u015f\u0131m\u0131 ve d\u00f6kme al\u00fcminyum-bak\u0131r ala\u015f\u0131m\u0131 yayg\u0131n olarak kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
D\u00f6kme al\u00fcminyum ala\u015f\u0131m kodunun ifade y\u00f6ntemi bak\u0131r-alt\u0131n ala\u015f\u0131m\u0131n\u0131nkinden farkl\u0131d\u0131r. Belirli bir al\u00fcminyum ala\u015f\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 belirli bir say\u0131sal kod ile ifade eder. \u00d6rne\u011fin ZL101, burada ZL d\u00f6kme al\u00fcminyum anlam\u0131na gelir. \u00dc\u00e7 say\u0131daki ilk say\u0131, farkl\u0131 kimyasal bile\u015fimlere sahip al\u00fcminyum ala\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6sterir, 1 al\u00fcminyum-silikon ala\u015f\u0131m\u0131, 2 al\u00fcminyum-bak\u0131r ala\u015f\u0131m\u0131, 3 al\u00fcminyum-magnezyum ala\u015f\u0131m\u0131, 4 al\u00fcminyum-\u00e7inko ala\u015f\u0131m\u0131d\u0131r ve sonraki iki say\u0131 ayn\u0131 al\u00fcminyum ala\u015f\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n farkl\u0131 kodlar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6sterir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Yayg\u0131n olarak kullan\u0131lan al\u00fcminyum d\u00f6k\u00fcm ala\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131n bile\u015fimi<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
\n
Al\u00fcminyum-silikon ala\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131, \"silikon-al\u00fcminyum\" veya \"silikon-al\u00fcminyum\" olarak da bilinir. \u0130yi d\u00f6k\u00fcm performans\u0131na ve a\u015f\u0131nma direncine sahiptir ve k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir termal genle\u015fme katsay\u0131s\u0131na sahiptir. D\u00f6k\u00fcm al\u00fcminyum ala\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131 i\u00e7inde en fazla \u00e7e\u015fide ve en fazla miktarda ala\u015f\u0131ma sahiptir. Silisyum i\u00e7eri\u011fi 4% ila 13%'dir. Kabuklar, silindirler, kutular ve \u00e7er\u00e7eveler gibi yap\u0131sal par\u00e7alarda yayg\u0131n olarak kullan\u0131lan silikon-al\u00fcminyum ala\u015f\u0131m\u0131na bazen 0.2% ~ 0.6% magnezyum eklenir. Bazen uygun miktarda bak\u0131r ve magnezyum eklenmesi ala\u015f\u0131m\u0131n mekanik \u00f6zelliklerini ve \u0131s\u0131 direncini art\u0131rabilir. Bu t\u00fcr ala\u015f\u0131mlar piston gibi bile\u015fenlerin \u00fcretiminde yayg\u0131n olarak kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
Al\u00fcminyum-bak\u0131r ala\u015f\u0131m\u0131, 4.5% ila 5.3% bak\u0131r i\u00e7eren ala\u015f\u0131m en iyi g\u00fc\u00e7lendirme etkisine sahiptir ve manganez ve titanyum ilavesi oda s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, y\u00fcksek s\u0131cakl\u0131k mukavemetini ve d\u00f6k\u00fcm performans\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde art\u0131rabilir. Esas olarak b\u00fcy\u00fck dinamik ve statik y\u00fcklere ve karma\u015f\u0131k olmayan \u015fekillere sahip kum d\u00f6k\u00fcmleri yapmak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
12% magnezyum i\u00e7eren, en d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck yo\u011funlu\u011fa (2.55g\/cm3) ve en y\u00fcksek mukavemete (yakla\u015f\u0131k 355MPa) sahip d\u00f6kme al\u00fcminyum ala\u015f\u0131m\u0131 olan al\u00fcminyum-magnezyum ala\u015f\u0131m\u0131, en iyi g\u00fc\u00e7lendirme etkisine sahiptir. Ala\u015f\u0131m atmosferde ve deniz suyunda iyi korozyon direncine sahiptir ve oda s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda iyi kapsaml\u0131 mekanik \u00f6zelliklere ve i\u015flenebilirli\u011fe sahiptir. Radar tabanlar\u0131, u\u00e7ak motoru muhafazalar\u0131, pervaneler, ini\u015f tak\u0131mlar\u0131 ve di\u011fer par\u00e7alar olarak kullan\u0131labilir ve ayr\u0131ca dekoratif malzemeler olarak da kullan\u0131labilir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
Al\u00fcminyum-\u00e7inko ala\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131, silikon ve magnezyum elementleri genellikle \"\u00e7inko-silikon-al\u00fcminyum\" olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lan performans\u0131 art\u0131rmak i\u00e7in eklenir. D\u00f6k\u00fcm halindeyken ala\u015f\u0131m\u0131n su verme etkisi, yani \"kendi kendine su verme\" \u00f6zelli\u011fi vard\u0131r. Is\u0131l i\u015flem g\u00f6rmeden kullan\u0131labilir ve d\u00f6k\u00fcm metamorfik \u0131s\u0131l i\u015flemden sonra daha y\u00fcksek mukavemete sahiptir. Stabilizasyon i\u015fleminden sonra boyut sabittir ve genellikle modeller, \u015fablonlar ve ekipman destekleri yapmak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
D\u00f6kme al\u00fcminyum ala\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131, d\u00f6vme al\u00fcminyum ala\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131 ile ayn\u0131 ala\u015f\u0131m sistemine sahiptir ve d\u00f6vme al\u00fcminyum ala\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131 ile ayn\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7lendirme mekanizmas\u0131na sahiptir (gerinim g\u00fc\u00e7lendirme hari\u00e7). Temel farklar\u0131, d\u00f6kme al\u00fcminyum ala\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131ndaki ala\u015f\u0131m elementi silikonun maksimum i\u00e7eri\u011finin \u00e7o\u011fu d\u00f6vme al\u00fcminyum ala\u015f\u0131m\u0131n\u0131nkini a\u015fmas\u0131d\u0131r. G\u00fc\u00e7lendirici elementlere ek olarak, d\u00f6k\u00fcm al\u00fcminyum ala\u015f\u0131m\u0131 ayr\u0131ca yeterli miktarda \u00f6tektik element (genellikle silikon) i\u00e7ermelidir, b\u00f6ylece ala\u015f\u0131m \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde ak\u0131\u015fkanl\u0131\u011fa sahip olur ve d\u00f6k\u00fcm s\u0131ras\u0131nda d\u00f6k\u00fcm\u00fcn b\u00fcz\u00fclme bo\u015flu\u011funu doldurmas\u0131 kolayd\u0131r. \u015eu anda, sadece a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki 6 tip temel ala\u015f\u0131m vard\u0131r \uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
C\u00fcruf kal\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131 getiren yanl\u0131\u015f d\u00f6kme i\u015flemi<\/li>\n\n\n\n
Rafinasyon ve bozulma i\u015fleminden sonra yeterli bekleme s\u00fcresi yok<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n
\u00d6nleme y\u00f6ntemi:<\/h5>\n\n\n\n\n
F\u0131r\u0131n \u00fccretleri kumla \u00fcflenmeli ve iade edilen \u00fccret miktar\u0131 uygun \u015fekilde azalt\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r<\/li>\n\n\n\n
Yolluk sistemi tasar\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n iyile\u015ftirilmesi ve c\u00fcruf tutma kabiliyetinin geli\u015ftirilmesi<\/li>\n\n\n\n
C\u00fcrufu gidermek i\u00e7in uygun flaks kullan\u0131n<\/li>\n\n\n\n
D\u00f6kerken stabil olmal\u0131 ve c\u00fcruf t\u0131kanmas\u0131na dikkat edilmelidir<\/li>\n\n\n\n
Rafine i\u015fleminden sonra, ala\u015f\u0131m s\u0131v\u0131s\u0131 d\u00f6k\u00fclmeden \u00f6nce belirli bir s\u00fcre bekletilmelidir<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n
<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Stoma kabarc\u0131klar\u0131<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
Kusur \u00f6zellikleri: \u00dc\u00e7 d\u00f6k\u00fcm\u00fcn duvar\u0131ndaki g\u00f6zenekler genellikle yuvarlak veya ovaldir, p\u00fcr\u00fczs\u00fcz bir y\u00fczeye sahiptir, genellikle parlak oksit cildi, bazen ya\u011fl\u0131 sar\u0131d\u0131r. Y\u00fczey g\u00f6zenekleri ve kabarc\u0131klar\u0131 kumlama ile bulunabilir ve i\u00e7 g\u00f6zenekler ve kabarc\u0131klar X-\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 perspektifi veya mekanik i\u015fleme yoluyla bulunabilir ve g\u00f6zenekler ve kabarc\u0131klar X-\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 filminde siyah g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc:<\/h5>\n\n\n\n\n
D\u00f6k\u00fcm ala\u015f\u0131m\u0131 stabil de\u011fil, gaz s\u00f6z konusu<\/li>\n\n\n\n
Organik kirlilikler (k\u00f6m\u00fcr tozu, ot k\u00f6k\u00fc at g\u00fcbresi vb.) kal\u0131p (ma\u00e7a) kumuna kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r<\/li>\n\n\n\n
K\u00fcf ve kum \u00e7ekirde\u011finin k\u00f6t\u00fc havaland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131<\/li>\n\n\n\n
So\u011fuk demir y\u00fczeyinde b\u00fcz\u00fclme bo\u015flu\u011fu<\/li>\n\n\n\n
K\u00f6t\u00fc ge\u00e7it sistemi tasar\u0131m\u0131<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n
So\u011fuk demirin do\u011fru se\u00e7imi ve kullan\u0131m\u0131<\/li>\n\n\n\n
Geli\u015ftirilmi\u015f ge\u00e7it sistemi tasar\u0131m\u0131<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n
<\/p>\n\n\n\n
K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fclme<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
Kusur \u00f6zellikleri: Al\u00fcminyum d\u00f6k\u00fcmlerin b\u00fcz\u00fclme g\u00f6zeneklili\u011fi genellikle i\u00e7 yolluk yak\u0131n\u0131ndaki u\u00e7an y\u00fckselticinin k\u00f6k\u00fcn\u00fcn kal\u0131n ve b\u00fcy\u00fck k\u0131sm\u0131nda, duvar\u0131n kal\u0131nl\u0131k ge\u00e7i\u015finde ve b\u00fcy\u00fck bir d\u00fczleme sahip ince duvarda meydana gelir. K\u0131r\u0131lma d\u00f6k\u00fcm halinde gri, \u0131s\u0131l i\u015flemden sonra a\u00e7\u0131k sar\u0131d\u0131r, grimsi beyaz, a\u00e7\u0131k sar\u0131 veya gri siyaht\u0131r ve X-\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 filminde bulan\u0131kt\u0131r. \u015eiddetli filamentli b\u00fcz\u00fclme, X-\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 ve floresan d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck b\u00fcy\u00fctme k\u0131r\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi inceleme y\u00f6ntemleriyle bulunabilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc:<\/h5>\n\n\n\n\n
Y\u00fckseltici besleme etkisi zay\u0131f<\/li>\n\n\n\n
\u015earj temiz olmal\u0131 ve korozyondan ar\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olmal\u0131d\u0131r<\/li>\n\n\n\n
Y\u00fckseltici, d\u00f6k\u00fcm\u00fcn b\u00fcz\u00fclme k\u0131sm\u0131na yerle\u015ftirilir ve so\u011futulmu\u015f demir yerle\u015ftirilir veya so\u011futulmu\u015f demir ve y\u00fckseltici ile birlikte kullan\u0131l\u0131r<\/li>\n\n\n\n
Kal\u0131p kumunun nem kontrol\u00fc ve kum \u00e7ekirde\u011finin kurutulmas\u0131<\/li>\n\n\n\n
Tah\u0131l\u0131 rafine etmek i\u00e7in \u00f6nlemler al\u0131n<\/li>\n\n\n\n
D\u00f6k\u00fcm \u00e7atlaklar\u0131. Tane s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131 boyunca geli\u015fen, genellikle segregasyonun e\u015flik etti\u011fi, daha y\u00fcksek bir s\u0131cakl\u0131kta olu\u015fan, daha b\u00fcy\u00fck hacim b\u00fcz\u00fclmesine sahip ala\u015f\u0131mlarda ve daha karma\u015f\u0131k \u015fekillere sahip d\u00f6k\u00fcmlerde ortaya \u00e7\u0131kma e\u011filimi g\u00f6steren bir \u00e7atlak t\u00fcr\u00fcd\u00fcr.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
Is\u0131l i\u015flem \u00e7atlaklar\u0131: Transgran\u00fcler \u00e7atlaklar genellikle \u0131s\u0131l i\u015flemin a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 yanmas\u0131 veya a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 \u0131s\u0131nmas\u0131ndan kaynaklan\u0131r. Genellikle b\u00fcy\u00fck gerilme ve termal genle\u015fme katsay\u0131s\u0131na sahip ala\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131n a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 so\u011futulmas\u0131ndan kaynaklan\u0131r. Veya ba\u015fka metal\u00fcrjik kusurlar oldu\u011funda neden olur:<\/li>\n\n\n\n
D\u00f6k\u00fcm\u00fcn yap\u0131 tasar\u0131m\u0131 mant\u0131ks\u0131zd\u0131r, keskin k\u00f6\u015feler vard\u0131r ve duvar kal\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde de\u011fi\u015fir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
D\u00f6k\u00fcm\u00fcn t\u00fcm par\u00e7alar\u0131n\u0131n e\u015fzamanl\u0131 kat\u0131la\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 veya s\u0131ral\u0131 kat\u0131la\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flay\u0131n ve yolluk sisteminin tasar\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 iyile\u015ftirin<\/li>\n\n\n\n
D\u00f6kme s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 uygun \u015fekilde d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcn<\/li>\n\n\n\n
Kal\u0131p so\u011futma s\u00fcresini kontrol edin<\/li>\n\n\n\n
Is\u0131l i\u015flem s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 do\u011fru \u015fekilde kontrol edin ve su verme so\u011futma h\u0131z\u0131n\u0131 azalt\u0131n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n
<\/p>\n\n\n\n
G\u00f6zenek analizi<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
Bas\u0131n\u00e7l\u0131 d\u00f6k\u00fcm kusurlar\u0131 aras\u0131nda en yayg\u0131n olanlar\u0131 g\u00f6zeneklerdir. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
stomatal \u00f6zellikler. P\u00fcr\u00fczs\u00fcz bir y\u00fczeye sahiptir ve yuvarlak veya oval \u015fekillidir. Belirtiler d\u00f6k\u00fcm\u00fcn y\u00fczeyinde veya deri alt\u0131 i\u011fne deliklerinde ya da d\u00f6k\u00fcm\u00fcn i\u00e7inde olabilir. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
(1) Gaz kayna\u011f\u0131<\/h5>\n\n\n\n
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1) Ala\u015f\u0131m s\u0131v\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6kelme gaz\u0131 a hammaddelerle ilgilidir b ergitme i\u015flemiyle ilgilidir 2) Bas\u0131n\u00e7l\u0131 d\u00f6k\u00fcm prosesinde yer alan gaz \u00ac-a bas\u0131n\u00e7l\u0131 d\u00f6k\u00fcm proses parametreleri ile ilgilidir b kal\u0131p yap\u0131s\u0131 ile ilgilidir<\/li>\n\n\n\n
3) Sal\u0131m maddesi gaz \u00fcretmek \u00fczere ayr\u0131\u015f\u0131r \u00ac-a kaplaman\u0131n kendi \u00f6zellikleriyle ilgilidir b p\u00fcsk\u00fcrtme i\u015flemiyle ilgilidir <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
(2) Eritme i\u015flemi s\u0131ras\u0131nda ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan hammaddelerin ve gazlar\u0131n analizi<\/h5>\n\n\n\n
Erimi\u015f al\u00fcminyumdaki gaz esas olarak hidrojendir ve toplam gaz\u0131n yakla\u015f\u0131k 85%'sini olu\u015fturur. Eritme s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ne kadar y\u00fcksek olursa, hidrojenin erimi\u015f al\u00fcminyumdaki \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc o kadar y\u00fcksek olur, ancak kat\u0131 al\u00fcminyumdaki \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fck \u00e7ok d\u00fc\u015f\u00fckt\u00fcr, bu nedenle kat\u0131la\u015fma i\u015flemi s\u0131ras\u0131nda hidrojen g\u00f6zenekler olu\u015fturmak \u00fczere \u00e7\u00f6kelir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Hidrojen Kayna\u011f\u0131:<\/h5>\n\n\n\n
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1) Atmosferdeki su buhar\u0131 ve erimi\u015f metal nemli havadan hidrojen emer.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
2) Hammaddenin hidrojen i\u00e7eri\u011fi, ala\u015f\u0131m k\u00fcl\u00e7esinin y\u00fczeyi \u0131slakt\u0131r ve geri d\u00f6nen malzeme kirli ve ya\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
3) Aletler ve flaks \u0131slakt\u0131r.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
Bas\u0131n\u00e7 odas\u0131, yolluk sistemi ve bo\u015flu\u011fun tamam\u0131 atmosfere ba\u011fl\u0131 oldu\u011fundan ve erimi\u015f metal y\u00fcksek bas\u0131n\u00e7 ve y\u00fcksek h\u0131zda dolduruldu\u011fundan, d\u00fczenli ve istikrarl\u0131 bir ak\u0131\u015f durumu elde edilemezse, erimi\u015f metal girdap ak\u0131mlar\u0131 olu\u015fturacak ve gaz dahil olacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Bas\u0131n\u00e7l\u0131 d\u00f6k\u00fcm s\u00fcrecinin form\u00fclasyonunda a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki hususlar\u0131n dikkate al\u0131nmas\u0131 gerekmektedir:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
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1) Erimi\u015f metalin d\u00f6kme sisteminde ayr\u0131lma ve girdap ak\u0131m\u0131 olmadan temiz ve d\u00fczg\u00fcn bir \u015fekilde ak\u0131p akamayaca\u011f\u0131. <\/li>\n\n\n\n
2) Keskin k\u00f6\u015feler veya \u00f6l\u00fc b\u00f6lgeler var m\u0131? <\/li>\n\n\n\n
3) Yolluk sisteminin kesit alan\u0131nda herhangi bir de\u011fi\u015fiklik var m\u0131? <\/li>\n\n\n\n
4) Egzoz olu\u011fu ve ta\u015fma olu\u011funun konumu do\u011fru mu? Yeterince b\u00fcy\u00fck m\u00fc? T\u0131kanacak m\u0131? Gaz etkili ve sorunsuz bir \u015fekilde tahliye edilebiliyor mu? <\/li>\n\n\n\n
<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
Dolum s\u00fcrecini sim\u00fcle etmek i\u00e7in bilgisayar\u0131n uygulanmas\u0131, yukar\u0131daki olaylar\u0131 analiz etmek ve makul s\u00fcre\u00e7 parametrelerini se\u00e7mek i\u00e7in kararlar vermektir. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
(4) Kaplamalar\u0131n gaz analizi<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Kaplama \u00f6zellikleri: Gaz \u00fcretimi b\u00fcy\u00fckse, d\u00f6k\u00fcm\u00fcn g\u00f6zeneklili\u011fini do\u011frudan etkileyecektir. P\u00fcsk\u00fcrtme i\u015flemi: B\u00fcy\u00fck miktarda gaz buharla\u015fmas\u0131na neden olan a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 kullan\u0131m, \u00e7ok fazla z\u0131mba ya\u011f\u0131 veya yan\u0131k, t\u00fcm gaz kaynaklar\u0131d\u0131r. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u00d6nce g\u00f6zeneklere neyin neden oldu\u011funu analiz edin ve ard\u0131ndan ilgili \u00f6nlemleri al\u0131n. 1) Ala\u015f\u0131ml\u0131 malzemeyi kurutun ve temizleyin. 2) Erime s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kontrol edin, a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 \u0131s\u0131nmay\u0131 \u00f6nleyin ve gaz giderme i\u015flemi ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirin. 3) Kal\u0131p d\u00f6k\u00fcm proses parametrelerinin, \u00f6zellikle enjeksiyon h\u0131z\u0131n\u0131n makul se\u00e7imi. Y\u00fcksek h\u0131zl\u0131 anahtarlaman\u0131n ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 noktas\u0131n\u0131 ayarlay\u0131n. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
4) S\u0131ral\u0131 dolum, gaz\u0131n bo\u015fluktan bo\u015falt\u0131lmas\u0131na elveri\u015flidir ve yolluk ve yolluk, ala\u015f\u0131m s\u0131v\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n d\u00fczg\u00fcn ak\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 ve gaz\u0131n bo\u015falt\u0131lmas\u0131 f\u0131rsat\u0131n\u0131 kolayla\u015ft\u0131rmak i\u00e7in yeterli uzunlu\u011fa (> 50 mm) sahiptir. Ge\u00e7it kal\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve ge\u00e7it y\u00f6n\u00fc de\u011fi\u015ftirilebilir ve g\u00f6zeneklerin olu\u015ftu\u011fu konumlarda ta\u015fma oluklar\u0131 ve egzoz oluklar\u0131 ayarlanabilir. Ta\u015fma \u00fcr\u00fcnlerinin kesit alanlar\u0131n\u0131n toplam\u0131, giri\u015flerin kesit alanlar\u0131n\u0131n toplam\u0131n\u0131n 60%'sinden az olmamal\u0131d\u0131r, aksi takdirde c\u00fcruf etkisi zay\u0131f olacakt\u0131r. 5) Performans\u0131 iyi olan boyay\u0131 se\u00e7in ve p\u00fcsk\u00fcrtme miktar\u0131n\u0131 kontrol edin. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcmler<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Ekipman ayar\u0131<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
Her bir kusurun nedeni bir\u00e7ok farkl\u0131 etkileyici fakt\u00f6rden kaynakland\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan, ger\u00e7ek \u00fcretimde sorunu \u00e7\u00f6zmek i\u00e7in, bir\u00e7ok neden kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda, \u00f6nce makineyi ayarlamak do\u011fru mudur? Ya da \u00f6nce yak\u0131t ikmali yapmak? Ya da \u00f6nce kal\u0131b\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirmek? Zorluk derecesine g\u00f6re, \u00f6nce basit ve sonra karma\u015f\u0131k olmak \u00fczere s\u0131rayla ele al\u0131nmas\u0131 \u00f6nerilir:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
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1) Ay\u0131rma y\u00fczeyini temizleyin, bo\u015flu\u011fu temizleyin ve ejekt\u00f6r pimini temizleyin; kaplama ve p\u00fcsk\u00fcrtme s\u00fcrecini iyile\u015ftirin; s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma kuvvetini art\u0131r\u0131n ve d\u00f6k\u00fclen metal miktar\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131r\u0131n. Bu \u00f6nlemler basit i\u015flemlerle uygulanabilir. 2) Proses parametrelerini, enjeksiyon kuvvetini, enjeksiyon h\u0131z\u0131n\u0131, doldurma s\u00fcresini, kal\u0131p a\u00e7ma s\u00fcresini, d\u00f6kme s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, kal\u0131p s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 vb. ayarlay\u0131n.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
3) Yak\u0131t ikmali, y\u00fcksek kaliteli al\u00fcminyum ala\u015f\u0131ml\u0131 k\u00fcl\u00e7elerin se\u00e7ilmesi, yeni malzemelerin geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f malzemelere oran\u0131n\u0131n de\u011fi\u015ftirilmesi ve eritme s\u00fcrecinin iyile\u015ftirilmesi.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
D\u00f6kme al\u00fcminyum ala\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131na nadir toprak elementlerinin eklenmesi, d\u00f6kme al\u00fcminyum ala\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131n kusurlar\u0131n\u0131 etkili bir \u015fekilde iyile\u015ftirebilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
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Al\u00fcminyum ala\u015f\u0131m\u0131nda nadir topra\u011f\u0131n ar\u0131tma etkisi<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n
Al\u00fcminyum ala\u015f\u0131m\u0131na uygun miktarda nadir toprak elementi eklemek rafine etme etkisini art\u0131rabilir. Nadir toprak elementleri inkl\u00fczyonlar\u0131n \u015feklini iyile\u015ftirebilir ve tane s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131 safla\u015ft\u0131rabilir. Al RE ana ala\u015f\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n A356 ala\u015f\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n ak\u0131\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fczerindeki etkisini incelemek i\u00e7in vakumlu emme d\u00f6k\u00fcm y\u00f6ntemi kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Deneysel sonu\u00e7lar, ala\u015f\u0131m eriyi\u011fine uygun miktarda nadir toprak elementi eklenmesinin kat\u0131 ve s\u0131v\u0131 faz hatlar\u0131 aras\u0131ndaki s\u0131cakl\u0131k fark\u0131n\u0131 azaltabilece\u011fini, ala\u015f\u0131m\u0131n macun kat\u0131la\u015fma e\u011filimini azaltabilece\u011fini ve ala\u015f\u0131m eriyi\u011finin y\u00fczey gerilimini azaltabilece\u011fini kan\u0131tlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Buna ek olarak, eriyi\u011fin ak\u0131\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131racak ve viskoziteyi azaltacak olan gaz giderme ve safs\u0131zl\u0131k giderme rafine etkisine de sahiptir, bu da inkl\u00fczyonlar\u0131n ve gazlar\u0131n giderilmesine yard\u0131mc\u0131 olur. Nadir toprak bile\u015fikleri i\u00e7eren yeni bir al\u00fcminyum ala\u015f\u0131m flaks\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ve geli\u015ftirilmi\u015ftir. Bir dizi fiziksel ve kimyasal reaksiyon sayesinde ak\u0131, A356 ala\u015f\u0131m eriyi\u011finin hidrojen i\u00e7eri\u011fini 720\u00b0C'de 0,30ml\/100g'dan (Al) 0,10ml\/100g'\u0131n (Al) alt\u0131na d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrmekle kalmaz ve \u00f6nemli bir gaz giderme etkisine sahiptir, ayn\u0131 zamanda A356 ala\u015f\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n oda s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda gerilme mukavemetini 7,27% art\u0131r\u0131r ve uzama oran\u0131 85,58% artar. Bununla birlikte, a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 nadir toprak elementleri de RE bak\u0131m\u0131ndan zengin fazlar\u0131n toplanmas\u0131n\u0131 \u015fiddetlendirecek ve inkl\u00fczyonlar haline gelecek, b\u00f6ylece ala\u015f\u0131m eriyi\u011finin ak\u0131\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 azaltacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
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Nadir toprak elementinin al\u00fcminyum ala\u015f\u0131m\u0131 \u00fczerindeki ar\u0131tma etkisi S\u00fctunlu kristallerin ve \u00e7ift s\u00fctunlu kristallerin b\u00fcy\u00fcmesini kas\u0131tl\u0131 olarak bast\u0131r\u0131r ve ince e\u015f eksenli kristallerin olu\u015fumunu te\u015fvik eder. Bu i\u015fleme tane inceltme denir. Tanelerin inceltilmesi sayesinde ala\u015f\u0131m\u0131n performans\u0131 artar ve ayn\u0131 zamanda b\u00fcz\u00fclme g\u00f6zeneklili\u011fi, termal \u00e7atlama ve i\u011fne delikleri gibi kusurlar azal\u0131r. Ar\u0131tman\u0131n en temel y\u00f6ntemi \u00e7ekirdeklenmeyi bast\u0131rmak ve eriyi\u011fe yabanc\u0131 \u00e7ekirdeklenme partik\u00fclleri eklemektir. \u015eu anda, ar\u0131t\u0131c\u0131 ekleme y\u00f6ntemi en etkili ve pratik y\u00f6ntem haline gelmi\u015ftir. D\u00f6k\u00fcm al\u00fcminyum ala\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131nda yayg\u0131n olarak kullan\u0131lan \u00fc\u00e7 t\u00fcr tane inceltici vard\u0131r: ikili Al-Ti ala\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131, ikili Al-B ala\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131 ve \u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc Al-Ti-B ala\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131. Ana ala\u015f\u0131m (tane inceltici), \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcnmesi, metaller aras\u0131 bile\u015fik faz\u0131n\u0131 serbest b\u0131rakmas\u0131 ve yabanc\u0131 \u00e7ekirdeklenme \u00e7ekirde\u011fi haline gelmesi i\u00e7in al\u00fcminyum ala\u015f\u0131m eriyi\u011fine eklenir.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n
Al\u00fcminyum ala\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131na nadir toprak elementleri eklemek sadece taneleri rafine etmekle kalmaz, ayn\u0131 zamanda dendrit yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 da \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde rafine eder (ikincil dendrit aral\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 azalt\u0131r) ve en iyi etki farkl\u0131 nadir toprak i\u00e7eriklerine kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k gelir. Bununla birlikte, ar\u0131tma etkisi Ti, B ve di\u011fer elementlerinkinden daha zay\u0131ft\u0131r. Nadir toprak ilavesinin kritik de\u011feri, ala\u015f\u0131m\u0131n eritme ve d\u00f6k\u00fcm ko\u015fullar\u0131 ile yak\u0131ndan ilgilidir. Yaln\u0131zca belirli \u00fcretim s\u00fcreci ko\u015fullar\u0131 alt\u0131nda, belirli miktarda nadir toprak en iyi ar\u0131tma etkisine sahip olacakt\u0131r. Genel ar\u0131t\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n kullan\u0131m\u0131yla, ar\u0131tma etkisi al\u00fcminyum s\u0131v\u0131n\u0131n bekleme s\u00fcresinin uzamas\u0131yla kademeli olarak azal\u0131r; Al-5Ti-1B-10RE ana ala\u015f\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n kullan\u0131m\u0131yla, nadir toprak elementleri ar\u0131tma elementlerinin toplanmas\u0131n\u0131 ve \u00e7\u00f6kelmesini \u00f6nleyebilir ve Ti ve B'nin ar\u0131t\u0131lmas\u0131 \u00fczerinde belirli bir te\u015fvik etkisine sahip olabilir, bu da uzun s\u00fcreli bekleme i\u015flemi s\u0131ras\u0131nda al\u00fcminyum-silikon ala\u015f\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n tane boyutunun azalmas\u0131n\u0131 etkili bir \u015fekilde engelleyebilir ve seri \u00fcretim i\u00e7in uygundur. otomoti\u0307v al\u00fcmi\u0307nyum ala\u015fimli d\u00f6k\u00fcmler<\/a>.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
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